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A combination of blood tests and ultrasound scans to help identify any specific issues such as PCOS or endometriosis and to check ovulation is occurring each month. During an antral follicle count a doctor uses ultrasound to count the visible follicles. FSH is the hormone that stimulates follicles to grow.
The unit of measure is the eggs per gram the EPG. Ovarian reserve tests which can involve both a transvaginal ultrasound and blood tests determine how many eggs have reached an advanced stage of development which is indicative of the total number of eggs remaining. If the egg sinks it is fresh. FSH drives the growth of ovarian follicles which in turn produce hormones including AMH estrogen and progesterone. Another routine test looks at FSH follicle-stimulating hormone a hormone released by the pituitary gland in the brain. Ask for a good and reliable RE and find a good fertility clinic.
Each egg is contained within a follicle which is comprised of layers of ovarian cells surrounding fluid that provides nutrients for the egg.
Of course no one can really count your eggs the only way to do that would be to remove your ovaries and stick them under a microscope which is not going to help anyones fertility. An ovarian reserve test done by checking the level of Anti-Mullerian Hormone AMH a hormone secreted by cells in developing egg follicles in a womans blood is a good indicator of how many eggs she has. Older eggs will sink to the bottom at a tilted or upright position. To perform the float test gently set your egg into a bowl or bucket of water. AMH or anti-mullerian hormone is a laboratory test that OBGYN and fertility doctors may use to assess a womans ovarian reserve or egg count. Every menstrual cycle in preparation for ovulation several eggs grow and collect fluid around them in pouches called antral follicles.